精萘作為一種重要的有機(jī)化工原料，在冶金行業(yè)中憑借其獨(dú)特的物理化學(xué)性質(zhì)，發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用，從金屬分離提純到工藝優(yōu)化，多環(huán)節(jié)助力冶金過(guò)程高效開(kāi)展。

　　Naphthalene, as an important organic chemical raw material, plays an irreplaceable role in the metallurgical industry due to its unique physical and chemical properties. From metal separation and purification to process optimization, it assists in the efficient development of metallurgical processes through multiple links.

　　在金屬礦石的浮選工藝中，精萘是優(yōu)良的捕收劑輔助成分。其易溶于有機(jī)溶劑且具有疏水性的特點(diǎn)，能與礦物表面的疏水性物質(zhì)結(jié)合，增強(qiáng)礦物與氣泡的吸附能力。在硫化礦浮選時(shí)，精萘可與黃藥類捕收劑復(fù)配使用，通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)礦漿的表面張力，提高目的礦物（如銅、鉛、鋅硫化礦）的浮游性，使礦物顆粒更易附著在氣泡表面上浮至礦漿液面，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)與脈石礦物的分離。實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，精萘的添加量需根據(jù)礦石性質(zhì)精準(zhǔn)控制，通常每噸礦石添加 0.5-2 千克，過(guò)量則可能導(dǎo)致脈石礦物一同上浮，影響分選精度。

　　In the flotation process of metal ores, refined naphthalene is an excellent collector auxiliary component. It is easily soluble in organic solvents and has hydrophobic properties, which can combine with hydrophobic substances on mineral surfaces to enhance the adsorption ability of minerals and bubbles. In the flotation of sulfide minerals, refined naphthalene can be used in combination with yellow medicine collectors to adjust the surface tension of the slurry, improve the floatability of target minerals (such as copper, lead, zinc sulfide minerals), and make it easier for mineral particles to adhere to the surface of bubbles and float to the surface of the slurry, thereby achieving separation from vein minerals. In practical applications, the amount of refined naphthalene added needs to be precisely controlled according to the properties of the ore. Usually, 0.5-2 kilograms are added per ton of ore, and excessive amounts may cause the gangue minerals to float up together, affecting the sorting accuracy.

　　精萘在金屬提純過(guò)程中可作為溶劑或稀釋劑。部分金屬（如稀有金屬鉭、鈮）的化合物在精萘中具有一定溶解度，利用這一特性可實(shí)現(xiàn)金屬化合物的提純。在高溫條件下，精萘能溶解金屬氧化物或鹵化物，通過(guò)冷卻結(jié)晶或蒸餾的方式，將雜質(zhì)與目標(biāo)化合物分離，獲得高純度的金屬原料。此外，在金屬熱處理工藝中，精萘可作為滲碳劑的稀釋成分，調(diào)節(jié)滲碳速度與深度，使金屬表面形成均勻的滲碳層，提升金屬的硬度與耐磨性，尤其適用于中小型精密金屬零件的表面處理。

　　Naphthalene can be used as a solvent or diluent in the process of metal purification. Compounds of certain metals, such as rare metals tantalum and niobium, have a certain solubility in refined naphthalene, which can be utilized for the purification of metal compounds. Under high temperature conditions, refined naphthalene can dissolve metal oxides or halides, separate impurities from target compounds through cooling crystallization or distillation, and obtain high-purity metal raw materials. In addition, in the metal heat treatment process, refined naphthalene can be used as a dilution component of carburizing agent, adjusting the carburizing speed and depth, forming a uniform carburizing layer on the metal surface, improving the hardness and wear resistance of the metal, especially suitable for surface treatment of small and medium-sized precision metal parts.

　　在濕法冶金中，精萘可輔助金屬離子的萃取分離。其衍生物（如萘酚類化合物）能與特定金屬離子形成穩(wěn)定的絡(luò)合物，在萃取體系中實(shí)現(xiàn)金屬離子的選擇性轉(zhuǎn)移。例如在鎳鈷分離工藝中，含精萘衍生物的萃取劑可優(yōu)先與鈷離子結(jié)合，使鈷從含鎳的溶液中分離出來(lái)，分離系數(shù)可達(dá) 100 以上，有效提高鎳、鈷產(chǎn)品的純度。這種萃取方式操作簡(jiǎn)便，且精萘衍生物可通過(guò)反萃取循環(huán)使用，降低冶金過(guò)程的原料消耗。

　　In wet metallurgy, refined naphthalene can assist in the extraction and separation of metal ions. Its derivatives (such as naphthol compounds) can form stable complexes with specific metal ions, achieving selective transfer of metal ions in the extraction system. For example, in the nickel cobalt separation process, extractants containing refined naphthalene derivatives can preferentially bind with cobalt ions, allowing cobalt to be separated from nickel containing solutions with a separation coefficient of over 100, effectively improving the purity of nickel and cobalt products. This extraction method is easy to operate, and the refined naphthalene derivatives can be recycled through reverse extraction, reducing the consumption of raw materials in metallurgical processes.

　　精萘的熱穩(wěn)定性使其在高溫冶金中可作為碳源補(bǔ)充。在某些金屬冶煉的還原階段，精萘在高溫下分解產(chǎn)生的碳元素能參與還原反應(yīng)，與金屬氧化物反應(yīng)生成金屬單質(zhì)和二氧化碳，尤其適用于一些對(duì)還原氣氛要求較高的冶煉過(guò)程。例如在鐵合金生產(chǎn)中，適量添加精萘可調(diào)節(jié)爐內(nèi)碳含量，優(yōu)化合金成分，同時(shí)其分解產(chǎn)生的氣體能攪動(dòng)熔池，促進(jìn)反應(yīng)均勻進(jìn)行，減少局部過(guò)燒或反應(yīng)不完全的情況。

　　The thermal stability of refined naphthalene makes it a carbon source supplement in high-temperature metallurgy. In the reduction stage of certain metal smelting processes, the carbon element produced by the decomposition of refined naphthalene at high temperatures can participate in the reduction reaction and react with metal oxides to generate metal elements and carbon dioxide, especially suitable for smelting processes that require high reducing atmospheres. For example, in the production of ferroalloys, adding an appropriate amount of refined naphthalene can adjust the carbon content in the furnace, optimize the alloy composition, and at the same time, the gas produced by its decomposition can stir the molten pool, promote uniform reaction, and reduce local overburning or incomplete reaction.

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